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Scientific Watch Bulletin on Rabies

Produced by: United Against Rabies Forum

The Scientific Watch Bulletin on Rabies is a monthly collation of scientific literature on rabies.

This monitoring work is carried out with the contribution of Sophie Marchal-Mauer, ANSES (Nancy Rabies and Wildlife Laboratory), France.

© VSF Germany
© VSF Germany
© VSF Germany

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Recent publications

Animal and human rabies

Case report: an atypical case of EBLV-1 infection in the long distance migrant bat Pipistrellus nathusii in mainland France.
Meyer, E. P., Blanchard, Y., Robardet, E., et al. (2026). Veterinary Research Communications, 50(3), 240.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11259-026-11166-8

Spatial Analysis of Rabies Cases in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia during 2021-2024.
Amira, K., Susetya, H. and Tjahajati, I. (2025). World’s Veterinary Journal, 15(3), 647-655.
https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2025.wvj65

Good dogs and bad dogs: rabies and the invention of a new canine order under the British South Africa Company government (Southern Rhodesia), 1902–1913.
Dande, I. (2026). Journal of Eastern African Studies, in press

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17531055.2026.2631921
Australian bat lyssavirus and the long shadow of rabies: lessons from the History of Medicine.
Galassi, F. M., Vaccarezza, M., Vitale, M., et al. (2026). Le Infezioni in Medicina, 34(1), 121-122.
https://doi.org/10.53854/liim-3304-13

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients attending a community health centre for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Hashmi, S. S., Zubair, M. Y., Ansari, M. A., et al. (2025). Global Journal of Medicine & Public Health 14(6)
https://nicpd.ac.in/ojs-/index.php/gjmedph/article/view/4231

1477: EXPOSURE IN THE ICU: NAVIGATING RABIES RISK AND POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS FOR HEALTHCARE WORKERS.
Javed, H., Sepehr, S., Srouji, S., et al. (2026). Critical Care Medicine, 54(3S)
https://www.ovid.com/jnls/ccmjournal/abstract/10.1097/01.ccm.0001187904.44790.8b~1477-exposure-in-the-icu-navigating-rabies-risk-and?redirectionsource=fulltextview

Surveillance, territory, and interculturality: challenges in managing a rabies outbreak among the Maxakali.
Júnior, D. S. T. (2026). Acta Tropica, in press
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X26000884

Translating one health research evidence into action: co-production of rabies control knowledge in Côte d’Ivoire.
Kondo, A. S., Heitz-Tokpa, K., Akindès, F., et al. (2026). Health Research Policy and Systems, in press
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12961-026-01454-9

A Study to Assess Knowledge regarding Rabies and Management of Dog Bites in selected school of Pathanamthitta District with a view to Develop an Information Booklet.
Roy, S. M., Joseph, J., Santhosh, A. M., et al. (2026). International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management, 14(1), 17-22.
https://ijanm.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-14-1-4

Documentation Gaps in Animal Bite Reexposure Cases: Economic and Public Health Implications in a Tertiary Anti-Rabies Clinic in North India.
Singh, A. D., Oberoi, S., Kaler, N., et al. (2026). The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, in press
https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/aop/article-10.4269-ajtmh.25-0773/article-10.4269-ajtmh.25-0773.xml

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude regarding Prevention and Management of Rabies among adults in selected areas of Bharanickavu Panchayath, Alappuzha District.
Thomas, P. S. and Clement, N. (2026). International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management, 14(1), 47-55.
https://www.ijanm.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-14-1-11

RABIES IN ARIZONA: A REVIEW OF CURRENT TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT.
Ford, M. B. (2025). The University of Arizona,
https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/679751

A retrospective analysis of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Kapilvastu District, Nepal.
Adhikari, A., Adhikari, S., Adhikari, A., et al. (2026). BMC Public Health, in press
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-026-27015-x

Evaluating the 2024 dog oral rabies vaccination campaign in the Zambezi region, Namibia using GIS and household surveys.
Freuling, C. M., Shikongo, M. B., Busch, F., et al. (2026). Scientific Reports, 16(1), 9204.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-38405-x

Multilevel barriers to dog rabies vaccination uptake in Kilosa District, Tanzania.
Nyamhanga, T. and Masawe, V. (2026). One Health Outlook, in press
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s42522-026-00205-8

Fifteen-year epidemiological profile of animal rabies in the Marmara region of Türkiye: Evidence for a wildlife-livestock spillover cycle.
PESTIL, Z., SÖZDUTMAZ, İ., Arif, M., et al. (2026). Research Square, 10 Mar, 2026
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8758251/v1

Analyse systémique de la faisabilité technique et socio-économique du contrôle de la rage humaine transmise par les carnivores domestiques au Burkina Faso.
Savadogo, M. (2026). Université de Liège (Belgique), 207 p.
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/342603

HUMAN RABIES AS A SENTINEL INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS IN BRAZIL.
Sombrio, L., Tonietto, M. C. and Boff, V. S. (2026). The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 30, 105428.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867026008184

Trends in reported animal bites and rabies-related mortality in Nepal (2014–2024): A descriptive analysis of national surveillance data.
Gautam, J., Bharati, N., Niroula, D., et al. (9900). One Health Bulletin, in press, 10.4103/ohbl.ohbl_84_25.
https://journals.lww.com/ohbl/fulltext/9900/trends_in_reported_animal_bites_and_rabies_related.70.aspx

Perceptions and Barriers Regarding Rabies in Cats in the Americas: An Approach From the One Health Perspective.
Correa-Valencia, N. M. and Lecuona-Olivares, L. A. (2026). Tropical Medicine and International Health, in press
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/tmi.70138

Paralytic rabies outbreak mimicking guillain–Barré syndrome in French Amazonia.
Deschamps, N., Mayence, C., Parize, P., et al. (2026). PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 20(3), e0014149.
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0014149

Rabies: A Neglected Tropical Zoonotic Disease; Implementation of A One Health Approach for Urgent Control.
Ghareeb, O. A. (2026). International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Innovative Research, 3, 3.
https://zenodo.org/records/19109896

Acute Flacid Paralysis and Encephalitis: A Deadly Combination. Report of the Latest Case of Human Rabies in Colombia: A Reminder of a Preventable Enemy.
Jimenez, F. A. G., Valencia-Rey, P. A., Oviedo, K. T., et al. (2026). Revista de Neurología, 81(3)
https://www.imrpress.com/journal/RN/81/3/10.31083/RN49292

Barriers for rabies elimination from India.
Khan, S., Das, N. K., Patil, R., et al. (2026). Discover Public Health, 23(1), 354.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12982-026-01722-7

Zero canine rabies in India by 2030 appears unrealistic: challenges and the way forward.
Pattnaik, P., Branda, F., Mishra, S., et al. (2026). Infectious Diseases, in press
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23744235.2026.2646278

Estimates of rabies risk from vampire bats to livestock in Colombia.
Medina-Rodríguez, A. T., Osejo-Varona, A. F., Unriza-Vargas, J., et al. (2026). Revista MVZ Córdoba, 31(1), e3720-e3720.
https://revistamvz.unicordoba.edu.co/article/view/3720

Exposure of lions (Panthera leo) to classical rabies virus and Mokola virus in provincial and private game reserves in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.
Letsholo, S. L., van Vuuren, M., Reininghaus, B., et al. (2026). 2026, 68(1)
https://koedoe.co.za/index.php/koedoe/article/view/1867

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Animal Bite, Rabies, and Its Prevention in the Rural Community of Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study.
PK, R. K. and MURUGAN, V. (2026). JOURNAL OF ADVANCE AND FUTURE RESEARCH, 4(1), 534-539-534-539.
https://www.rjwave.org/jaafr/viewpaperforall.php?paper=JAAFR2601314

Rabies in focus: What you should know.
Sahai, S. and Kumar, A. (2026). MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences, in press
https://journals.lww.com/mjhs/fulltext/9900/rabies_in_focus__what_you_should_know.118.aspx

Strengthening early rabies education and preventive measures – Reflections on ‘empowering adolescents in Lucknow with rabies awareness: An interventional study’.
Shivale, S. J. (2026). Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 15(2)
https://journals.lww.com/jfmpc/fulltext/2026/02000/strengthening_early_rabies_education_and.81.aspx

Routes of Human Rabies Infection and Prophylaxis as Methods of Prevention.
Dąbrowski, K., Leśniewska, N., Szymulewicz, B., et al. (2026). Quality in Sport, 53, 69829.
https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/69829

Effectiveness of Continuing Medical Education on Rabies Prevention and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Healthcare Professionals at a Northern Himalayan Tertiary Care Hospital.
Ranakoti, N., Naithani, D. P., Dr, D., et al. (2026). Indian Journal of Community Health, 38(2)
https://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/3554

Delivery of canine rabies vaccination programme in Kutupalong-Balukhali refugee camps, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.
Gamble, L., Fernandes, K. A., Tazawa, K., et al. (2026). PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 20(3), e0014143.
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0014143


Diagnosis – Virology – Vaccinology

719: EVALUATING THE APPROPRIATENESS OF HUMAN RABIES IMMUNE GLOBULIN AND VACCINATIONS.
Jugo, L., Scherer, L. and Hill, C. (2026). Critical Care Medicine, 54(3S)
https://www.ovid.com/jnls/ccmjournal/abstract/10.1097/01.ccm.0001184872.17762.13~719-evaluating-the-appropriateness-of-human-rabies-immune?redirectionsource=fulltextview
 
Interpretable Predictive Modeling of Host Specificity of Rabies lyssavirus from Glycoprotein Sequences.
Rao, A. (2026). Research Square, 03 Mar, 2026
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9015851/v1
 
Delayed Onset and Rapid Progression in Two Cases of Human Rabies Encephalitis.
Sriramula, N., Muniratnam, B. and Mani, U. A. (2026). NMO Journal, in press
https://journals.lww.com/nmoj/fulltext/9900/delayed_onset_and_rapid_progression_in_two_cases.28.aspx
 
Utility of saliva in rapid postmortem rabies diagnosis in animals by lateral flow assay rapid rabies detection in animals using saliva.
Bhalke, P. S., Chandel, S., Reddy, V., et al. (2026). Research in Veterinary Science, in press, 106141.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034528826000937
 
Rabies Virus Induced Blood Brain Barrier Disruption Mechanisms and Therapeutic Insights.
Liu, M. and Li, B. (2026). Global J Neur Neurolog Dis, 2(1), 48-54.
https://urfjournals.org/open-access/rabies-virus-induced-blood-brain-barrier-disruption-mechanisms-and-therapeutic-insights.pdf
 
Evaluation of prophylaxis protocols and spatial distribution of humans wounded by bats: a descriptive study, Palmas, 2013-2023.
Freitas, T. C. R., Soares, A. B. and Figueiredo, B. N. S. (2026). Epidemiologia e servicos de saude: revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil, 35, e20250557.
https://www.scielo.br/j/ress/a/tBwVcyFYjtphndxjs4s5N6P/?lang=en
 
Application of the CPER reverse genetics system for genetic engineering of rabies virus.
Itakura, Y., Kawaguchi, N., Tabata, K., et al. (2026). Journal of Virology, in press, e01872-25.
https://journals.asm.org/doi/full/10.1128/jvi.01872-25?af=R
 
Rabies Vaccine Failure Revisited: Integrity, Manufacturing Technologies, and Public Health Implications.
Kumar, S., Biswas, N., Singh, K., et al. (2026). Veterinary Today, 4(2), 141-143.
https://zenodo.org/records/19006355
 
Targeted next-generation sequencing confirms rabies in a patient with unknown exposure: a case report.
Li, R., Jin, C., Zhang, Z., et al. (2026). Frontiers in Medicine, 13, 1766261.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1766261/abstract
 
Ecological vaccination: A strategy to prevent zoonotic spillover from bats.
Li, H., Yuan, F., Yao, Y., et al. (2026). Science Advances, 12(11), eaec0269.
https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/sciadv.aec0269
 
Audit of Effectiveness of Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis.
Anjum, J. (2026). AOJ Pub Health, 1(1), 1-9.
http://www.aurummedicalpublishing.com/article/1773815695_HHq9GV5LEY.pdf
 
Maternal-fetal detection of rabies virus in the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus, Brazil.
Guilardi, M. D., Slobosk, B. S. S. d. L., Martins, I. I., et al. (2026). EMI: Animal & Environment, in press
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/29986990.2026.2644111
 
Rabies vaccine vehicle optimization for orotopical administration to wild vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus).
Knuese, C. and Zamanian, M. (2025). University of Wisconsin-Madison, 105 p.
https://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/96480
 
When estrogen deficiency meets immune responses induced by rabies vaccination.
Qian, H., Zhang, J., Tian, L., et al. (2025). Microbiology Spectrum, 13(5), e02726-24.
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02726-24
 
Immunogenic evaluation of a recombinant rabies virus expressing canine distemper virus H gene and canine parvovirus VP2 gene.
Yan, Z., Li, B., Peng, J., et al. (2026). The Veterinary Journal, 317, 106654.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023326001103
 
Rabies postexposure prophylaxis.
Sheridan, D. and O’Brien, L. (2026). Nursing, 56(4), 14-16.
https://www.ovid.com/jnls/nursing/abstract/10.1097/nsg.0000000000000370~rabies-postexposure-prophylaxis?redirectionsource=fulltextview
 
Case Report: A giant gastric stromal tumor spontaneously hemorrhaged after freeze-dried rabies vaccine (Vero-cells) injection for human use.
Shen, J., Wang, W., Xu, C., et al. (2026). Frontiers in Oncology, 16, 1792937.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1792937/abstract
 
Polydopamine Modified with Brain Targeting Peptide Rabies Virus Glycoprotein for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response.
Chu, H., Sun, Y., Huang, C., et al. (2026). International Journal of Nanomedicine, 21, 564013.
https://www.dovepress.com/polydopamine-modified-with-brain-targeting-peptide-rabies-virus-glycop-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN